Congress Of The Philippines

Congress of the Philippines - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Congress of the Philippines (Filipino: Kongréso ng Pilipínas) is the ... 1st Congress of the Commonwealth of the Philippines (1945) ...
en.wikipedia.org

14th Congress of the Philippines - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
14th Congress of the Philippines. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia ... Malolos Congress (1898-1899) 1st Philippine Commission (1898-1900) ...
en.wikipedia.org

Philippine House of Representatives
Information on House Members, House leaders, and various legislative activities.
www.congress.gov.ph

Rules of the Senate of the Philippines
TENTH CONGRESS OF THE PHILIPPINES July 24, 1995. RULES OF THE SENATE ... (a) The proclamation issued by the President of the Philippines to convene Congress. ...
www.lawphil.net

Senate of the Philippines - WikiPilipinas: The Hip 'n Free Philippine ...
The Malolos Congress of the First Philippine Republic of 1898-1899, responsible ... Senate of the Philippine Congress (Post World War II) (1946-1972) ...
en.wikipilipinas.org

President of the Philippines - WikiPilipinas: The Hip 'n Free ...
1.1 Presidents of the Philippines - Past to Present. 2 The Presidential Office ... He may also grant amnesty with the concurrence of Congress. ...
en.wikipilipinas.org

Congress of the Philippines
Republic of the Philippines. Congress of the Philippines. Metro Manila ... the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress assembled: ...
www.bsp.gov.ph

COUNTRY PROFILE: PHILIPPINES March 2006
Library of Congress - Federal Research Division Country Profile: Philippines, March 2006 ... The Congress of the Philippines is considering a ...
lcweb2.loc.gov

Rural Bankers Association of the Philippines -
Republic of the Philippines Congress of the Philippines Metro, Manila Fifth ... the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress assembled: ...
www.rbap.org

U.S. Library of Congress Country Study - Philippines
Good starting point for learning about the country; includes facts-at-a-glance and sections on history, society and government.
lcweb2.loc.gov

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{{Infobox Parliament| name = Congress of the Philippines | coa_pic = CongressPhil.png | coa-pic = | session_room = | house_type = Bicameral | houses = [Senate of the Philippines
[House of Representatives of the Philippines | leader1_type = [President of the Senate of the Philippines | leader1 = [Manny Villar | party1 = | election1 = | leader2_type = [Speaker of the Philippine House of Representatives | leader2 = [Jose De Venecia | party2 = | election2 = | members = Not more than 250 Representatives and 24 Senators
currently 237 Representatives and 23 Senators | p_groups = [Lakas-Christian Muslim Democrats
[Kabalikat ng Malayang Pilipino
[Liberal Party (Philippines)
[Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino
[Genuine Opposition
[Independent (politician)
[Partido ng Masang Pilipino
[Nacionalista Party (Philippines)
[Nationalist People's Coalition
[Coalition of the Administrative Party
[Minor political parties in the Philippines | election3 = May 14, [ | meeting_place = [Batasang Pambansa (House of Rep.), [Government Service Insurance System Senate Building (Senate) | website = -->

The Congress of the Philippines (Filipino language: Kongréso ng Pilipínas) is the national legislature of the Republic of the Philippines. It is a bicameralism body consisting of the the Senate of the Philippines (upper chamber), and the House of Representatives of the Philippines (lower chamber).

The Senate is composed of 24 senators half of which are elected every three years. Each senator, therefore, serves a total of six years. The senators are elected by the whole electorate and do not represent any geographical district.

The House of Representatives is composed of a maximum of 250 congressmen. There are two types of congressmen: the district and the sectoral representatives. The district congressmen represent a particular geographical district of the country. All Provinces of the Philippines in the country are composed of at least one congressional district. Several Cities of the Philippines also have their own congressional districts, with some composed of two or more representatives.

The sectoral congressmen represent the minority sectors of the population. This enables these minority groups to be represented in the Congress, when they would otherwise not be represented properly through district representation. Also known as party-list representatives, sectoral congressmen represent labor unions, rights groups, and other organizations.

The Constitution of the Philippines provides that the Congress shall convene for its regular session every year beginning on the 4th Monday of July. A regular session can last until thirty days before the opening of its next regular session in the succeeding year. The Philippine President may, however, call special session which are usually held between regular session to handle emergencies or urgent matters.

Congresses of the Philippines Revolutionary Period

Malolos Congress

American Period

Schurman Commission
Taft Commission
Philippine Commission
1st Philippine Legislature
2nd Philippine Legislature
3rd Philippine Legislature
4th Philippine Legislature
5th Philippine Legislature
6th Philippine Legislature
7th Philippine Legislature
8th Philippine Legislature
9th Philippine Legislature
10th Philippine Legislature

Commonwealth

Second Philippine Republic

National Assembly of the Second Philippine Republic

Commonwealth (Restored)

1st Commonwealth Congress
1st Congress of the Philippines

Third Philippine Republic

Martial Law and Fourth Philippine Republic

Interim Batasang Pambansa
Regular Batasang Pambansa

Fifth Philippine Republic

8th Congress of the Philippines
9th Congress of the Philippines
10th Congress of the Philippines
11th Congress of the Philippines
12th Congress of the Philippines
13th Congress of the Philippines
14th Congress of the Philippines

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History When the Philippines was under American colonial rule, the legislative body was the Philippine Commission which existed from 1900 to 1907. The President of the United States appointed the members of the Philippine Commission.

The Philippine Bill of 1902 mandated the creation of a bicameral or a two-chamber Philippine Legislature with the Philippine Commission as the Upper House and the Philippine Assembly as the Lower House. This bicameral legislature was inaugurated in 1907. Through the leadership of then Speaker of the Philippine House of Representatives Sergio Osmena and then Floor Leader Manuel L. Quezon, the Rules of the 59th United States Congress was substantially adopted as the Rules of the Philippine Legislature.

In 1916, the Jones Act (Philippines) changed the legislative system. The Philippine Commission was abolished, and a new bicameral Philippine Legislature consisting of a House of Representatives of the Philippines and a Senate of the Philippines was established.

The legislative system was changed again in 1935. The 1935 Constitution of the Philippines established a unicameral National Assembly. But in 1940, through an amendment to the 1935 Constitution of the Philippines, a bicameral Congress of the Philippines consisting of a House of Representatives of the Philippines and a Senate of the Philippines was created.

Upon the inauguration of the Philippines in July 4, 1946, Republic Acts of the Philippines No. 6 was enacted providing that on the date of the proclamation of the Philippines, the existing Congress would be known as the 1st Congress of the Philippines.

The 1973 Constitution of the Philippines abolished the bicameral Congress and created the legislative advisory council and legislative body Batasang Bayan and a unicameral Batasang Pambansa in a parliamentary system of government.

The 1987 Constitution of the Philippines restored the presidential system of government together with a bicameral Congress of the Philippines.

Powers The powers of the Congress of the Philippines may be classified as:

General legislative power It consists of the enactment of laws intended as a rule of conduct to govern the relation between individuals (i.e., civil laws, commercial laws, etc.) or between individuals and the state (i.e., criminal law, political law, etc.)

Implied powers It is the essential to the effective exercise of other powers expressly granted to the assembly.

Inherent powers These are the powers which though not expressly given are nevertheless exercised by the Congress as they are necessary for its existence such as:

to determine the rules of proceedings;
to compel attendance of absent members to obtain quorum to do business;
to keep journal of its proceedings; and etc.

Specific legislative powers It has reference to powers which the Constitution of the Philippines expressly and specifically directs to perform or execute.

Powers enjoyed by the Congress classifiable under this category are:

Power to appropriate;
Power to act as constituent assembly;
Power to impeach;
Power to confirm treaties;
Power to declare the existence of war;
Power to concur amnesty; and
Power to act as board of canvasser for presidential/vice-presidential votes.

Executive power Powers of the Congress that are executive in nature are:

Appointment of its officers;
Affirming treaties;
Confirming presidential appointees thru the Commission on Appointments;
Removal power; and etc.

Director/Suprevisory power The Congress of the Philippines exercises considerable control and supervision over the administrative branch - e.g.:

To decide the creation of a department/agency/office;
To define powers and duties of officers;
To appropriate funds for governmental operations;
To prescribe rules and procedure to be followed; and etc.

Electoral power Considered as electoral power of the Congress of the Philippines are the Congress' power to:

Elect its presiding officer/s and other officers of the House;
Act as board of canvassers for the canvass of presidential/vice-presidential votes; and
Elect the President in case of any electoral tie to the said post.

Juducial power This power of Congress will enable it to pass judgement upon certain parties/courses of action and falling under this category are the following:

To expel and suspend its erring members;
To initiate contempt proceeding in the Congress;
To concur and approve amnesty declared by the President of the Philippines;
To initiate, prosecute and thereafter decide cases of impeachment; and
To decide electoral protests of its members through the respective Electoral Tribunal.

Miscellaneous powers The other powers of Congress mandated by thr Constitution are as follows:

To authorize the Commission on Audit to audit fund and property;
To authorize the President of the Philippines to fix tariff rates, quotas, and dues;
To authorize the President of the Philippines to formulate rules and regulations in times of emergency;
To reapportion legislative districts based on established constitutional standards;
To implement laws on autonomy;
To establish a national language commission;
To implement free public secondary education;
To allow small scale utilization of natural resources;
To specify the limits of forest lands and national parks;
To determine the ownerships and extent of ancestral domain; and
To establish independent economic and planning agency.

Lawmaking Preparation of the bill The Member or the Bill Drafting Division of the Reference and Research Bureau prepares and drafts the bill upon the Member's request.

First reading

The bill is filed with the Bills and Index Service and the same is numbered and reproduced.

Three days after its filing, the same is included in the Order of Business for First Reading.

On First Reading, the Secretary General reads the title and number of the bill. The Speaker refers the bill to the appropriate Committee/s.

Committee consideration / action

The Committee where the bill was referred to evaluates it to determine the necessity of conducting public hearings.

*If the Committee finds it necessary to conduct public hearings, it schedules the time thereof, issues public notices and invites resource persons from the public and private sectors, the academe and experts on the proposed legislation. *If the Committee finds that no public hearing is not needed, it schedules the bill for Committee discussion/s.

Based on the result of the public hearings or Committee discussions, the Committee may introduce amendments, consolidate bills on the same subject matter, or propose a substitute bill. It then prepares the corresponding committee report.

The Committee approves the Committee Report and formally transmits the same to the Plenary Affairs Bureau.

Second reading

The Committee Report is registered and numbered by the Bills and Index Service. It is included in the Order of Business and referred to the Committee on Rules.

The Committee on Rules schedules the bill for consideration on Second Reading.

On Second Reading, the Secretary General reads the number, title and text of the bill and the following takes place:

*Period of Sponsorship and Debate *Period of Amendments *Voting, which may be by :#viva voce :#count by tellers :#division of the House :#nominal voting

Third reading

The amendments, if any, are engrossed and printed copies of the bill are reproduced for Third Reading.

The engrossed bill is included in the Calendar of Bills for Third Reading and copies of the same are distributed to all the Members three days before its Third Reading.

On Third Reading, the Secretary General reads only the number and title of the bill.

A roll call or nominal voting is called and a Member, if he desires, is given three minutes to explain his vote. No amendment on the bill is allowed at this stage.

*The bill is approved by an affirmative vote of a majority of the Members present. *If the bill is disapproved, the same is transmitted to the Archives.

Transmittal of the approved bill to the Senate The approved bill is transmitted to the Senate for its concurrence.

Senate action on approved bill of the House The bill undergoes the same legislative process in the Senate.

Conference committee

A Conference Committee is constituted and is composed of Members from each House of Congress to settle, reconcile or thresh out differences or disagreements on any provision of the bill.

The conferees are not limited to reconciling the differences in the bill but may introduce new provisions germane to the subject matter or may report out an entirely new bill on the subject.

The Conference Committee prepares a report to be signed by all the conferees and the Chairman.

The Conference Committee Report is submitted for consideration/approval of both Houses. No amendment is allowed.

Transmittal of the bill to the President Copies of the bill, signed by the Senate President and the Speaker of the House of Representatives and certified by both the Secretary of the Senate and the Secretary General of the House, are transmitted to the President.

Presidential action on the bill If the bill is approved the President, the same is assigned an RA number and transmitted to the House where it originated.

Action on approved bill The bill is reproduced and copies are sent to the Official Gazette Office for publication and distribution to the implementing agencies. It is then included in the annual compilation of Acts and Resolutions.

Action on vetoed bill The message is included in the Order of Business. If the Congress decides to override the veto, the House and the Senate shall proceed separately to reconsider the bill or the vetoed items of the bill. If the bill or its vetoed items is passed by a vote of two-thirds of the Members of each House, such bill or items shall become a law.

Voting requirements The vote requirements in the Congress of the Philippines are as follows:

Majority vote
Two-thirds vote
One-third vote
One-fifth vote
Three-fourths vote